Thursday, November 27, 2025

Inspired by quantum mechanics, how I think about my students (and humans in general)

 Yes, this title is correct. I've been inspired by quantum mechanics to develop a different mindset about how to think about my students, and human beings in general! What on earth does this mean?!

If you know anything about quantum mechanics, it is probably the core concept you've heard of (usually this comes up in a chemistry class in high school, but usually not much is done with it except a mention of the concept): particle-wave duality

This is the notion that something like an electron, which most people think of as a tiny solid ball, or particle, can actually, under the right conditions that we're observing the electron, can act as a wave. Or that a photon, which is light and most would think of as a wave, can actually, under the right conditions that we're observing the photon, can act as a particle. An example of an electron or other similar pieces of matter, acting like particles is shown below. 


This is from an old photo in my classroom of particles moving in a bubble chamber at Fermilab. Each track is an individual subatomic particle moving through a medium. Particles do this; at least in this type of experiment or observation. The same electrons in this photo, if observed in a different way, like moving through a small hole or slit, will look like this:

This is an electron beam in a cathode ray tube in my lab. The alternating rings we see are electrons undergoing diffraction, which only waves can do! 

The important question to consider is: when an electron is just moving through space, and we are not observing it, is it a particle or a wave????
The answer is, in quantum mechanics, both! When not being observed, we cannot know what state the electron is in, and mathematically we create a wave function that has the two possible states in the function, along with coefficients that are related to the probability of being either a particle or a wave! 

Probabilities, and a mix of possible states when not being observed, is where I start relating this to my students. Also, the notion that the way we observe an electron helps 'select' the state we actually observe the electron, is key (some say that an observation 'collapses the wave function' into one specific state of the object, which is the state we observe...either a particle or a wave, if it's an electron). 

Here's what I mean for human beings. Think of all the emotional or mood states in which a human can be observed. We can be happy, sad, angry, curious, bored, excited, annoyed, and so on. However, can we know, exactly, which of these particular states our best friend is in at a specific moment in time, when he or she is not with us? If we cannot observe them in any way, of course the answer is we cannot know for sure. The best we can do is give the odds, or probabilities, of them being in a particular state at a given moment. This is no different than how we treat electrons in quantum mechanics. 

And then, when our friend walks into our room and we can actually now observe him or her, then we see one of those possible states 'crystallize' or 'collapse' into one specific emotional or mood state! And, the way we observe them can have an effect on which state we see. If we are in a room that is dark, damp, and depressing, and/or we are in a bad mood, this will affect which state we see our friend in - they may have been in a good mood just before walking in, but became more depressed or concerned for us when they see us and our mood, or the environment of the room! Again, this is similar to quantum mechanics, where the way we observe an electron (i.e. the experiment we do), selects the specific state, particle or wave, that we actually observe. 

So I think of my students as 'quantum critters', who are some complex mix of possible emotional or mood states, all superposed with each other when I have not yet seen the students. When they are in the hallways walking to my room, I do not have a clue what mood state they are in - I can only assign probabilities that they are happy or sad or angry, etc., at any given moment before stepping into my room. This is like an emotional or mood wave function. What's more, and makes this even more complex a situation, human beings have unique, complex emotional/mood wave functions! We are all different from each other, because we have a unique set of probabilities for being in a given emotional state. My students are not at all like the way we traditionally have thought about humans for over a century - where, just because they are the same age, all 3rd graders are basically identical to each other (and this can be said for every grade level). Even if you say this is ridiculous, it is certainly how we have treated them for a century in nearly all schools. All 8 year old kids coming to school are put in the same 3rd grade classroom, given the same supplies and books and resources, do the same activities and lessons for the same amount of time on the same day, take the same assessments, and are expected to learn the same things and do equally well. Even if some kids do poorly, not much time is taken to fix the problems, because the class has to move on to the next topic in order to complete the curriculum in the same amount of time, regardless of how well any one student is or is not learning. 

This sounds like we think of students as being identical to me! And it is ridiculous! 

Thinking of students, and all human beings, as unique, complex mixtures of possible states, with unique and complex mixtures of talents and strengths and weaknesses and interests and intelligences (such as the eight intelligences defined in Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences), is a more realistic view of a human being! This type of mindset for a teacher is invaluable because it forces us to think differently than the traditional approach to education, teaching, and learning - and it forces us to set up our classes differently, and provide a better mix of teaching techniques, better variety in activities and types of lessons, and allowing for more student input and opportunities for them to learn more and better. It forces us to think about and add more SEL skills, or as I call them, Everyday Essential Life Skills (EELS), which all humans need to be strong in for everyday life. 

A strange diagram helps show how I think about a student, or every human being - a complex, unique mixture of possible emotional/mood states: 


WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT!! SO WE NEED TO SETUP SCHOOLS AND CLASSROOMS TO DEAL WITH THIS BETTER THAN WE HAVE, SO EVERY STUDENT HAS A CHANCE TO MAXIMIZE THEIR LEARNING AND SKILLSETS! 

We are NOT all the same, where the traditional (i.e. standardized) teaching method is to give everyone the same things at the same times and doing the same lessons to take the same assessments on the same days, while expecting the same results...this does not work for all students, and way too many are left behind! 

Let's change the mindset from traditional education to a 'quantum education' approach, where we identify, accept, and work with the FACT that EVERY STUDENT IS COMPLEXLY UNIQUE! 

There's more about all this given in my TED Talk, with an example of doing this with new levels of (unprecedented) success when addressing the issue of racial academic achievement gaps that plague so many diverse districts across the country, in something we called Project Excite. 



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